Friday, October 11, 2019

Creon and Haemon Essay

How would you direct the confrontation between Creon and Haemon in order to achieve your chosen impact for your audience? The scene of confrontation between Creon and Haemon comes when Creon has sentenced Antigone, future bride of Haemon, to be shut up in the cave. I would want to show a contrast between the characters with costume, so that the audience would get a visual representation of their emotions. I would dress Creon in an extravagant red silken robe, with gold trimmings. This would highlight his status as King, and also the red could signify a bloodthirsty attitude, as Creon is revelling in Antigone’s fate. Contrastingly, Haemon would be wearing a simple black cotton robe, without any trimmings. This would show that he doesn’t care for superficial extravagance, and black is also a colour of mourning; this would symbolise Haemon’s feelings towards Antigone’s fate. In the opening of this scene, Creon greets Haemon pleasantly. I would direct Creon to grip Haemon’s right hand with both of his own hands, in a friendly, pleading handshake; this would show warmth for Haemon, which is what Creon wishes to express at this point. He would maintain eye contact and stand with legs shoulder-width apart He would speak in a soft tone, with a slow pace, medium pitch and a relatively low volume, again to give the impression of warmth. In the line ‘we are always comrades, and my love for you is unshaken’, I would direct the actor playing Creon to emphasise the words ‘always’ and ‘unshaken’, stressing these superlatives, in order to exaggerate the positive feelings, diplomatically Haemon’s response would be in kind, reciprocating the respect. He would accept the handshake, and keep eye contact. His vocal qualities would be as those of Haemon. He would say ‘I know I am your son, Father’, stressing the word ‘Father’ to show respect and also family love. During this exchange, they would both be very close physically, to show that they are, at this point, still emotionally close. The lighting would be a straw wash from above over the stage, of medium intensity: neutral. Creon would be next to a podium, centre-stage-left. Haemon would be centre stage, and the Chorus would be arranged in a semi-circle around them. During Creon’s following speech, I would want the audience to witness a change in Creon’s approach. The first noticeable change in attitude would be when he says ‘Don’t be taken in/ Boy. Don’t let any woman ensnare you. ‘ His tone would become harsher, and lower almost as if speaking in a whisper. He would also grasp Haemon on the word ‘Boy’, to show the audience that he wants to instil certain sexist values in Haemon, as it is a subject he feels passionately about. Furthermore, he would almost spit the work ‘woman’ and emphasise the word ‘ensnare’ to present acidity to the audience. He would say ‘Don’t be taken in, Boy’ without changing his tone or pace, simply increasing intensity, to show the audience how sincere he is. He would continue in this manner, speaking in harsh tones. The next change in Creon’s demeanour would come when he says ‘I will do it. And she must die’. Here, he would revert to speaking with authority, assertively. He would stress the modal verbs, ‘will’ and ‘must’ to show that he is completely fixed upon the idea, and is unwavering. This would show the audience his stubbornness. At this point, low-intensity, subtle red uplighting would have slowly faded in, to cast shadows upon Creon’s face to make him seem more imposing and venomous. It would be barely noticeable by the audience at this stage, as it would be slowly and subtly introduced. Creon would also step back and stand straight at this point, and pause after the line, to highlight its significance to the audience. He would have his hands calmly by his sides. Creon would continue to rant, his volume increasing, and the red uplighting becoming stronger, as the straw wash slowly faded and his hand gestures becoming increasingly evident and expansive. On the line ‘Anarchy, disobedience,’ he would be banging his fists on his podium in anger, to show the audience how passionately he feels about the subject. He would be nearly shouting at this point, and Haemon would recoil slightly, in fear and surprise at Creon’s outburst. Creon would next shift toward the end of his speech, and I would want my audience to see him bring back subtle persuasion, using the fact that he is Haemon’s father to his advantage: ‘Let it be by a man’s hand, eh son? / Not by a conspiracy of women! ‘. I would want him to go back to speaking in lower tones, almost at a stage-whisper level, as he wants to instil his own sexism, and apparent paranoia regarding women, into Haemon yet again. This repetition would show the audience just how sexist Creon is. I would therefore have the actor emphasise the words ‘man’ ‘son’, ‘conspiracy’ and ‘women’ to show this, and put one arm around Haemon. The red uplighting would also dim at this point, the straw wash becoming more prominent; this would visually represent the change in tone to the audience. Following the Chorus’ somewhat neutral response, Haemon would reply by at first speaking pleasantries: ‘It’s not for me to say you are wrong’ is quite self-deprecating and is complimentary to Creon. Haemon would therefore speak it in a soft tone, and would physically lower himself by bending knees and back slightly. His volume would be medium at this point, and he would make no hand gestures. The lighting would remain as a straw wash, all red gone at this point. Haemon would emphasise ‘me’ and ‘you’ to underline the fact he is making a direct comparison between himself and Creon. Haemon would change in approach right on the line ‘But I can sometimes hear people whisper’. The word ‘but’ here is a clear discursive marker in the text, indicating a change. Also, Haemon begins to discuss how ‘people’ see Antigone’s punishment as unjust. He would thus take a step back is if expecting an outburst from Creon, and emphasise words like ‘people’ and ‘whisper’ to show the audience that the character aims to dissociate himself from the views. He would become more pleading as the speech progresses, ‘let me beg you to have second thoughts’ and ‘I beg you Father’. This is again showing he accepts inferiority, but also makes clear to the audience that he is against his fathers actions. The metaphors regarding the failure of stubborn things would be spoken with a degree of accusation regarding Creon; Haemon would look at Creon when saying ‘inflexible’ and ‘refuses’ to indicate that there refer to Creon. At the end of the speech he says ‘Take good advice when it is offered. ‘ This is a direct question to Creon, and I would have Haemon on one knee, clasping Creon’s hand at this point, to show his desperation to the audience. In the ensuing stichomythia, I would instruct Creon to increase in volume, pace and raise his voice at the end of each sentence. Also, I would want him to spit phrases like ‘You’re a woman’s mouthpiece! ‘, whilst shaking his arms, palms clawed and facing up to show rage to the audience. Comparatively, I would instruct Haemon to remain calm, speaking in controlled tones and a steady volume throughout, making few hand gestures. Haemon would instead increase in cold contempt, by sharpening the sound of his vowels at the ends of sentences, and speaking in a low tone, and emphasising certain words. He would emphasise the word ‘demented’, but without raising the volume of his voice a great deal. Also, at the end, when Haemon says ‘†¦ this disgusting spectacle/ In company with a madman, are welcome to it’, I would want him to speak this calmly; without varying his pace. He would say this emphasising ‘disgusting spectacle’ and ‘madman’ by raising pitch and volume a little. This would show the audience that he feels contempt toward Creon, but is above just shouting. Creon, on the other hand, would be virtually screaming ‘Bring her out, the bitch’, emphasising the word ‘bitch’ by stressing the harsh vowel sound, and gesturing wildly towards the side entrance, as if indicating from where she should be brought. This would show the audience that Creon has lost his composure, and has lost control of his rage. The lighting would be red uplighting again on Creon only, to cast shadows across his face, whilst a blue gel, to mix with the straw wash, would be coming in from above. Overall, this should all contribute into presenting Haemon into an emotionally controlled, stable character, whereas Creon would appear as quite the opposite; unreasonable, stubborn and emotionally volatile. The objective would be to present the characters as such, to encourage the audience to sympathise with Haemon, even empathise with him; ideally, the audience too would feel frustrated and contemptuous towards Creon.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

Expense of tourist spending for travel in bkk

Penetration is acquire new household or customer although can divided by to term, category and brand. Mix is to trade up to premium products. Last requirements to increase of share of requirements and growth category requirements. Brand Growth Strategies More Stuff More People More Money More Often Expansion Penetration MIX Requirement Expand to new domain Acquire new outside current householder or category customer -Category -Brand Trade up to premium product -Increase share of requirements – Expansion is to attract new user of brand, not include line extension or variants of current products.Using when the category growth maturing, unmet needs, and benefits transferable to another category. – Penetration can include line extension or variant of current product can separate by two parts. First category penetration are more people using category; using when low of category development, gain frost mover advantage, and opportunity to motivate to meet the needs also new ch annels opportunity. Second brand penetration are more people using brand at least one in category; using when developed category or rejected brand out of date, opportunity or adoption or point of entry. Mix can include line extension or variant of current product using when brand being dominant, opportunity for current consumer spend more money to purchases. – Requirement can include line extension or variant of current product can separate by two part. First category requirement for developing new user, make more chance for brand to meet other needs. Second share of requirement(SORE) to stealing current chance from direct competitor. Integrate Marketing Planning (IMP)IMP is process helps you to produce a commercial program in more efficient way of managing marketing communication activities that center around an idea, which create behavior changing to meet commercial objective How to apply to my group project? Our group project is Sky wife smart pen so libraries smart pen wh ich are innovative device include function that support you to record audio transfer information via wife access to your smart phone or laptop, also can send your writing information too.As guest speaker say our group project will apply libraries pen â€Å"to sell† we can expand more stuff not specific with pen to attract interest of consumer, selling product for more people to explain overall of our products functional and usage for people who don't know by doing marketing, more money absolutely all of business need more money so company can upgrade quality of products and increasing price when products quality meet demand of consumer, more often by integrate new buyer to known exactly value of product of company and promote good appearance of product before competitor.

Leadership Development Perk or Priority

CONTENT S. NO| TOPIC| 1| Introduction about the case| 2| Analyse the problem with the case using OB theories and concepts. | 3| How should Barton make her case for executive education? | 4| Reflection upon our experience of working in a group. | 5| Conclusion| 6| Referencing| ABSTRACT Karen Barton, Zendal Pharmaceuticals (senior vice president of HR) ,was annoyed when COO Palmer scorched her executive education budget by 75%.The first thought that came to Barton mind that it was a mistake, but it wasn’t a fault as Palmer patiently told Barton, sales were down by 26% and there was $300 million debts Zendal took on when it acquired Premier Pharmaceuticals, as a result Barton’s budget wasn’t the only one being cut. Palmer added that it wasn't clear what would be the return on investment of her proposed program or any of her current ones for that event. Barton's analysis had been extremely short on Quantitative benefits.Barton complained to a friend Carlo Freitas, he ad of the medical devices division about this, but Freitas disagreed: â€Å"If you want dollars, you have to show how you fit in with management's plans. You must be deliberate to fight for the resources with rest of us†. Barton bristled: â€Å"Don't you see that my department is connected to all the others? Every division benefits from the HR budget. † But she noticed that Freitas was correct. She needed to make the case that duplify her budget was a clever act even in tenacious times. Q1. Analyse the problem with the case using OB theories and concepts.Ans. Analysing the case we find the following concepts: 1. Conflict concept: â€Å"It is a disagreement between two people or group over some major issues†. In the case there is a disagreement between Palmer and Barton regarding the importance of executive education due to which Barton’s executive education budget was cut by more than 75%. 2. Understanding concept: â€Å"It relates to showing/exchanging of one’s thought with that of others†. Here Barton takes helps of her friend Frietas in order to take some decision regarding the executive education.Now regarding this decision Freitas tells her that she should provide justification for as how will executive education somewhere lead to profit of the company. 3. Communication concept: â€Å"Communication is process by which information is transmitted between individuals and/or organization so that an understanding of response results†. Barton knew about the interests of the executive towards a particular program communication with them and also encouraged the executives for enrolling in the respective program they liked. 4.Organization development concept: â€Å"It is a long term strategic which focuses on the whole culture of the organization in order to bring about planned changes† In this case Barton took a step ahead for the executives’ education for executives in the company. Barton as the mana ger of HR department was wondering as how executives can be provided with the training (organizational department). For this she took two steps: (a) Initiatives for two types of employees: * New Hires – who had to be bought up in a quick and speed way. * First level supervisors – these are high potential performers.An average enrolment was between 25 and 30 employees. (b) Low key approach : Barton’s team adopted an initiative to collect information on various programs at different B schools. Barton has encouraged executives to speak to the attendees first and look over the course materials those people had brought back. According to her this was a good way to determine whether the executives need fits with the programs theme. 5. Motivation concept: it is one of the most important concepts that best fits in the matter. Motivation Motive Motivating Engagement in work behaviourActivating needs and providing needs satisfaction on environment Needs in individuals In this case all the executives under Barton were being motivated by her for enrolling in the best suited programs and also she asked them to enrol in the programs which discouraged they felt were poor or below average. THEORIES: 1. Vroom’s theory of expectancy: â€Å"Theory deals with the variables of motivation and their interrelation†. Employee Effort Performance Reward According to the block line diagram of VTOE we can correlate the case as: (a) Employee : executives b) Effort : that are made by Barton (c) Performance: all the performance criteria can be given to Barton and her team members. (d) Reward: enrolment of executives as managers and some increment of position. 2. Leadership theory: â€Å"it is the process of influencing others towards the accomplishment of goals. It is the ability of a manager to induce subordinates to work with confidence and zeal† Behavioural theory of leadership: â€Å"this is related to the behaviour of the leader that it is some where related to what the leader does instead of hi traits†.According to the above theories of leadership we can relate to our case study as follows: Barton instead of acting as a manager acted as a leader thinking of the welfare of various executives who could be projected by executive thinking. Q2. How should Barton make her case for executive education? Ans. Barton should have focused on creating a quantitative ROI that the other executives buy into or should have revised her training program so that it does have measurable outcomes for a quantitative ROI.In order to make her case for executive education to palmer she should have explained or shown the turnover and ROI calculation as shown below.. Turnover ROI calculation: Total number of employees = 5,000 Turnover rate per year = 5% Turnover cost per employee = $20. 000 (termination,staffing,training etc) 5,000*. 05*20,000 = 5,000,000 Therefore, estimated cost of turnover per year = $ 5,000,000 Number of executive = 50 5,0 00,000/50 = 100,000 i. e estimated cost of turnover per executive = $ 100,000. Total number of employees = 5,000Reduced Turnover rate per year = 4% Turnover cost per employee = $20. 000 . 5,000*. 04*20,000 = 4,000,000 Therefore, estimated cost of reduced turnover per year = $ 4,000,000 Number of executive = 50 4,000,000/50 = 80,000 i. e estimated cost of reduced turnover per executive = $ 80,000. Saving per executive = $ 20,000 (100,000 – 80,000) Cost of training per executive = $ 12,000 Financial benefit per executive = $ 8,000 ROI = 20000/12000*100 = 167% Return for each dollar invested. Productivity ROI calculation : Number of sales specialists= 250Annual sales contribution each specialist = $ 50,000 Increase in productivity = 6% 250*50,000*. 06 = 750,000 Number of executives = 50 750,000/50 = 15,000 Estimated benefit of increased productivity per executive = $15,000 Sales increase per executive = $ 15,000 Cost of training per executive = $ 12,000 Financial Benefit per exe cutive = $ 3,000 ROI = 15,000/12,000*100 = 125 % Return for each dollar invested Therefore total ROI according to her revised executive program is as follows .. Turnover: Savings per executive = $ 20,000 Cost of training per executive = $12,000Financial bebefit per executive = $ 8,000 ROI = 167% Productivity: Added impact on contribution per executive = $ 15,000 Cost of training per executive = $ 12,000 Financial benefit per executive = $ 3,000 ROI = 125% ROI = 35,000/12,000*100=292% Return for each dollar invested Therefore by showing this calculation Barton should have explained how her program can provide financial benefit per executive with less cost of training per executive and with greater ROI for each dollar invested.. Reflection upon our experience of working in a group. Ans.For us working in a group was very beneficial as it gave us the chance to work together with new charm and refreshing ideas. Although in the beginning it was very challenging for all of us but despite o f that we worked together which at last helped us in increasing our view points towards the case study and resulted in a Better research work with thoughtful solutions for the case. Each member in our group was very motivative and gave his or her 100 percent in completing our work. Like all typical groups, in our group also there were good and bad events and moments. i. sometimes we had conflict among us over different views , but Whatever the scenario was, we learned a lot from each other and at last were very comfortable working with each other. CONCLUSION Leadership has been a major topic in management and business literature over the last few years. The rapid changes in business, technology, political and social factors has required the development of effective leadership skills. As a result leadership development programs have become an increasing priority for business and government organizations. Therefore Barton should have done a more thorough evaluation in order to Identif y the strengths and weakness of her executive development programs, * Identify the trainees which benefited the most from her program * She should have determined the costs of the program and its financial benefits to the organisation * Moreover she should have compared the costs and benefits of her training versus non training investments , the costs and benefits of different training programs to choose the best program out of it and then should have presented her case to Dave Palmer mentioning all the benefits of her executive development rogram and should have tried to convince palmer not to cut that major chunk from her program as it would be a fruitful investment for the organisation in the long run and would surely help its organisation perform well in the future. REFERENCING Margie Parikh, Rajen Gupta. (2011). exploring communication as a behaviourial process. In: Shalini negi,Sneha kumari  Organisational Behaviour. new delhi: tata mcgraw-hill education private limited. 285 .Margie Parikh,Rajen Gupta. (2011). managing conflict,stress and negotiation. In: Shalini negi,Sneha kumari  Organisational Behaviour. new delhi: tata mcgraw-hill education private limited. 307. Margie Parikh, Rajen Gupta. (2011). understanding decision making as a process . In: Shalini negi, Sneha kumari  Organisational Behaviour. new delhi: tata mcgraw-hill education private limited. 332. Margie Parikh,Rajen Gupta. (2011). understanding motivation.In: Shalini negi,Sneha kumari  Organisational Behaviour. new delhi: tata mcgraw-hill education private limited. 139. Margie Parikh,Rajen Gupta. (2011). understanding motivation. In: Shalini negi,Sneha kumari  Organisational Behaviour. new delhi: tata mcgraw-hill education private limited. 141. Margie Parikh,Rajen Gupta. (2011). understanding leaders. In: Shalini negi,Sneha kumari  Organisational Behaviour. new delhi: tata mcgraw-hill education private limited. 519-523.

Wednesday, October 9, 2019

Macy's Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Macy's - Term Paper Example Macy’s over the years has had a long and eventful history to get where it is today. Macy’s was the first retailer to promote a woman to an executive position, making business history. Furthermore, Macy’s, also, pioneered business practices like the one-price system, one price for an item to sell to everyone, and advertising prices for goods in newspapers. Furthermore, the also were the first store to sell tea bags, the Idaho baked potato, and colored bath towels, even the first store to hold a New York liquor license. By 1918, Macy’s was starting to average $36 million in annual sales. And the immigrant employees, in 1924, to celebrate their new American Heritage, organized the first Christmas Parade which featured floats, bands, animals from the zoo and 10,000 onlookers. This became the Annual Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade. Macy’s has grown over the years by acquiring other stores and renaming them Macy’s as a way to expand their bra nd. Federated Department Stores (now known as Macy’s Inc.) bought R.H. Macy & Co. in 1994, and then renamed all their regional nameplates to Macy’s and in 2006, Macy’s acquired The May Department Store Company and converted all their regional nameplates to Macy’s. These acquisitions, eventually, led Macy’s to grow to over 800 stores covering virtually every major geographic market in the United States, plus they also have their internet sales through macys.com. Control of Economic Indicator The economic indicators are controlled by various governmental agencies, such as the Census Bureau, the Bureau of Economic Analysis, and the Bureau of Labor. Most economists and investors pour over the compilation reports from these agencies, like tea leaves, (Steiner, 2009) for any signs of economic improvement. They are looking for trends that will likely increase consumer spending, especially, since nearly 70% of the GDP of the United States is tied up in con sumer spending. There are five main economic indicators that are being looked at to determine if the economy is going to get back on its feet. These five indicators are consumer-related indicators which include: employment, retail sales, personal income and outlays, consumer price index, and new home sales. These five indicators detail consumer spending, sales by retailers, details the amount of inflation or deflation (consumer price index), new residential sales to the public, and the unemployment rate (the higher the unemployment rate, the less likely people are to buy consumer based products, unless they are necessities). The reports are written by the government agencies that compile them, such as the employment situation is written by the Bureau of Labor and has pages upon pages of data showing the amount of employees added to and subtracted from the workforce. Economic Indicator Collection The economic indicators are calculated, after a thorough collection of the appropriate s tatistical data needed to perform the calculation. For example, the Bureau of Labor receives a report from all employers each month which indicates how many employees that was added to an employer’s payroll as well as how employees were removed from the payroll. Then, to get the unemployment rate, the number of unemployed people is divided by the number of employable people. This gives us the percentage of how many people are unemployed currently. But, this unemployment rate can further be broken down into the various industries to see which industries have a higher unemployment rate than

Tuesday, October 8, 2019

The Electoral College is obsolete and should be abolished in American Essay

The Electoral College is obsolete and should be abolished in American politics. Do you agree Justify your answer - Essay Example However, it is a time-tested success, another testament to the forward thinking of the creators of the Electoral College system of voting for President, the Founding Fathers. Members of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 faced the difficult question of how to elect a president. They were severely at odds with each other over the question of presidential selection and anguished over the concept of creating a workable system. The Electoral College system that emerged during the very last week of the Convention did seem to satisfy all the diverse factions (Katz, n.d.). The intent of this system was that the selection of a president be based solely on merit and without regard to state of origin or political party by that state’s most informed and educated individuals. Each state has a number of electors equal to the number U.S. Representatives plus its (2) U.S. Senators. These electors then vote for President. The method of choosing the electors was remanded to the individual state legislatures thereby calming those states already distrustful of a centralized government. This understanding built upon an earlier compromise in the design of the congress itself and thus satisfied both large and small states. The nation of thirteen states wanted to retain their own governmental powers and the prevalent thought of the time was that political parties were detrimental to liberty. These founders were of the opinion that men should not campaign for public office. ‘The office should seek the man. The man should not seek the office.’ In 1787, the country’s population was distributed along a thousand miles of Atlantic coastline that was hardly, if at all, connected by reliable communication or transportation. â€Å"How, then, to choose a president without political parties and national campaigns without upsetting the carefully designed balance between the presidency and the Congress on one hand and states and the federal

Monday, October 7, 2019

Company report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Company report - Research Paper Example One of those companies is Facebook. This is a company that was conceived in a Harvard dorm room but whose services are available almost everywhere and therefore we affects the lives of multiple people. The founder was a young student, Mark Zuckerberg. Facebook today has become the industry leader along Twitter and other companies. They are more commonly referred to as social media. Their power seems to have no bounds too. Its initial aims were to connect multiple numbers of people over the internet. Those aims have largely been fulfilled today since Facebook has around a billion users around the world. Such a huge number undoubtedly poses huge potential for the company. The company recently became a publicly listed company amidst tension that such a move was bound to fail. The critics say that Facebook has to explore alternative revenue streams like advertising, precisely the sort of thing the users abhor. This leaves the company in a sort of dilemma. In the course of writing this company report, I shall analyze this company from different viewpoints. The first is from its performance in the markets. This is usually a reliable indicator for the sort of direction in which a company is headed. The main advantage of the markets is that they respond simultaneously when anything important involving the company happens. Another yardstick shall be marketing. This is usually the be all and end all as far as some companies are concerned. We shall look at the role that advertising has played in this company. The third yardstick shall be the financial position of the company. We shall explore whether the company is self sustaining. Finally we shall look at the important matter of strategy and planning. Which mix of the two has the company employed and how successful has it been. After a long period of anticipation and speculation, this company finally went public on the week of 29th January 2012. Facebook’s offering to the public also doubled up as

Sunday, October 6, 2019

Training and Development in UK Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Training and Development in UK Business - Essay Example This helps the organization to train the employee while they are still performing their duties. On-work training is one of the most effective ways of helping an organization to increase the skills of its workforce. However organization can also train their employees in other institution. In this case employees are given study leave to attend training in other institutions. This is usually important when organization want to train their employees on new technology which is not readily available. There are other benchmarked ways that have been shown to be important in the training and development of the workforce that can be used by organization (Arkin 1995, p. 73). Employees can also be trained on different issues. The kind of skills that the company imparts to its workforce depends on the line of operations. But there are general skills that any company will need to impart to its workforce including communications, customer services, respecting diversity in the workplace, ethics in operation, human relations, and others that are important in the functioning of the organization as one system. But the most important skills that any organization would like to impart of its workforce with the special skills that are used in its line of operations. However at the end of the day there ar... However at the end of the day there are number of benefits that both the employees and the organization are likely to have. Although the organization will use a lot of resource in training the employee, at the end it will have a competent workforce and increase its overall production. It will haves satisfied workforce and reduce its rate of employee turnover. It will also help to enhance the image of the company and help in risk management. For the employees, there will be increased job satisfaction, increase level of employee motivation, increase efficiencies in the production process, increase capacity for them to adapt to the new work processes and the new technologies that are being implemented in the workplace, increase innovation and reduced turnover (Beard 2002, p. 83).Most of the studies that have been carried out have shown that there is a difference between different companies in the way they train their employees and the achievement of the employees. In this case it has be en noted that companies may use the same training and development process but achieve different end results. While the quality and the level of train can be taken as a probable factor causing this difference, many studies have not looked the employee's contribution factor in the efficiency of the process. There is need to carry out more research on the different between employee expectation and perception of training and the overall success of training and development initiatives (Thorpe 1997, p. 23). Problem statement Although most companies have invested in the training and development of their workforces, they have not been achieving the same result. Studies have